View source for GDP-L-fucose synthase

{{infobox enzyme
| Name       = GDP-L-fucose synthase
| EC_number  = 1.1.1.271
| CAS_number =
| GO_code    = 0050577
| image      = 
| width      = 
| caption    =  
}}
In [[enzymology]], a '''GDP-L-fucose synthase''' ({{EC number|1.1.1.271}}) is an [[enzyme]] that [[catalysis|catalyzes]] the [[chemical reaction]]

:GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> GDP-L-fucose + NADP<sup>+</sup>

Thus, the three [[substrate (biochemistry)|substrates]] of this enzyme are [[GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose]], [[nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate|NADPH]], and [[hydrogen ion|H<sup>+</sup>]], whereas its two [[product (chemistry)|products]] are [[GDP-L-fucose]] and [[nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate|NADP<sup>+</sup>]].

This enzyme belongs to the family of [[oxidoreductase]]s, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD<sup>+</sup> or NADP<sup>+</sup> as acceptor. The [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] of this enzyme class is '''GDP-L-fucose:NADP<sup>+</sup> 4-oxidoreductase (3,5-epimerizing)'''. This enzyme is also called '''GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose-3,5-epimerase-4-reductase'''. This enzyme participates in [[Fructose metabolism|fructose]] and [[mannose metabolism]].

==Relevance in diseases==

It has been reported that some cases of [[multiple sclerosis]] that present the [[Human leukocyte antigen|HLA]] variant [[HLA-DRB3 (gene)|DRB3]], present also autoimmunity against GDP-L-fucose synthase.<ref>[http://neurosciencenews.com/multiple-sclerosis-gut-flora-10003/ University of Zurich (2018, October 11). Link Between Gut Flora and Multiple Sclerosis Discovered. NeuroscienceNews. Retrieved October 11, 2018]</ref><ref>R. Planas et al, GDP-l-fucose synthase is a CD4+ T cell–specific autoantigen in DRB3*02:02 patients with multiple sclerosis, Science Translational Medicine  10 Oct 2018, Vol. 10, Issue 462, eaat4301, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aat4301</ref> The same report points out that the autoimmune problem could derive from the gut microbiota.

==See also==

*[[Guanosine diphosphate]]
*[[Guanosine diphosphate mannose]]

==References==
{{reflist|1}}
* {{cite journal |vauthors=Chang S, Duerr B, Serif G | date = 1988 | title = An epimerase-reductase in L-fucose synthesis | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 263 | pages = 1693&ndash;7 | pmid = 3338988 | issue = 4 }}
* {{cite journal |vauthors=Mattila P, Rabina J, Hortling S, Helin J, Renkonen R | date = 2000 | title = Functional expression of ''Escherichia coli'' enzymes synthesizing GDP-L-fucose from inherent GDP-D-mannose in ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' | journal = Glycobiology | volume = 10 | pages = 1041&ndash;7 | pmid = 11030750 | doi = 10.1093/glycob/10.10.1041 | issue = 10 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal |vauthors=Menon S, Stahl M, Kumar R, Xu GY, Sullivan F | date = 1999 | title = Stereochemical course and steady state mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by the GDP-fucose synthetase from ''Escherichia coli'' | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | pages = 26743&ndash;50 | pmid = 10480878 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.38.26743 | issue = 38 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal |vauthors=Somers WS, Stahl ML, Sullivan FX | date = 1998 | title = GDP-fucose synthetase from ''Escherichia coli'': structure of a unique member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family that catalyzes two distinct reactions at the same active site | journal = Structure | volume = 6 | pages = 1601&ndash;12 | pmid = 9862812 | doi = 10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00157-9 | issue = 12 | doi-access = free }}

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{{Enzymes}}
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[[Category:EC 1.1.1]]
[[Category:NADPH-dependent enzymes]]
[[Category:Enzymes of unknown structure]]


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