View source for Ezekiel 42

{{Short description|Book of Ezekiel, chapter 42}}
{{Bible chapter |letname= Ezekiel 42 |previouslink= Ezekiel 41 |previousletter= chapter 41 |nextlink= Ezekiel 43 |nextletter= chapter 43 |book=[[Book of Ezekiel]] |biblepart=[[Old Testament]] | booknum= 26 |hbiblepart= [[Nevi'im]] | hbooknum = 7 |category= [[Nevi'im|Latter Prophets]] | filename= Book of Ezekiel.jpg |size=242px | name= MS. Bodl. Or. 62, fol. 59a., Ezekiel 30:13–18. |caption=<div style="width: 242px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">[[Book of Ezekiel]] 30:13–18 in an English manuscript from the early 13th century, MS. Bodl. Or. 62, fol. 59a. A [[Latin]] translation appears in the margins with further interlineations above the [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]].</div>}}

'''Ezekiel 42''' is the forty-second chapter of the [[Book of Ezekiel]] in the [[Hebrew Bible]] or the [[Old Testament]] of the [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Bible]].<ref name=Halley>Halley, Henry H. ''Halley's Bible Handbook'': an Abbreviated Bible Commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.</ref><ref name=Holman>''Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook''. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.</ref> This book contains the prophecies attributed to the [[Biblical prophet|prophet]]/[[Kohen|priest]] [[Ezekiel]], and is one of the [[Nevi'im|Books of the Prophets]].<ref>Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996. ''The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI''. Nashville: Abingdon.</ref> The [[Jerusalem Bible]] refers to the final section of Ezekiel, chapters [[Ezekiel 40|40]]-[[Ezekiel 48|48]], as "the Torah of Ezekiel".<ref>Jerusalem Bible (1966), Sub-heading for chapters 40-48 and footnote a at chapter 40</ref> These chapters provide the ideal picture of a new temple: chapter 42 contains Ezekiel's vision of the outbuildings <ref>Jerusalem Bible (1966) sub-heading at Ezekiel 42:1-14</ref> or chambers for the priests (Ezekiel 42:1-12), the use of the chambers (verses 13–14), and the dimensions of the outer court (verses 15–20).<ref name=jfb>Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. ''[[Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary|Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible]]''. 1871.{{PD-notice}}</ref>

==Text==
The original text was written in the [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew language]]. [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|This chapter is divided into]] 20 verses.

===Textual witnesses===
[[File:Visionary Ezekiel Temple.jpg|thumb|right| The visionary Ezekiel Temple plan drawn by the 19th-century French architect and Bible scholar [[Charles Chipiez]]]]
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] are of the [[Masoretic Text]] tradition, which includes the [[Codex Cairensis]] (895), [[Codex Babylonicus Petropolitanus|the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets]] (916), [[Aleppo Codex]] (10th century), [[Leningrad Codex|Codex Leningradensis]] (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the [[Septuagint]] version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and [[Codex Marchalianus]] ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}{{efn|Ezekiel is missing from the extant [[Codex Sinaiticus]].<ref>{{cite book| last= Shepherd|first= Michael |title= A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets | series= Kregel Exegetical Library | publisher= Kregel Academic | year= 2018 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_iNZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|isbn= 978-0825444593 | page= 13}}</ref>}}

[[File:Ground Plan of Ezekiel's Temple.png|right|thumb|250px|Ground Plan of Ezekiel's Temple: A. The Temple House
B. Altar of Burnt Offering
C. Inner Court
D. Gates to Inner Court
E. Separate Place
F. Hinder Building
G. Priest's Kitchens
H. Chambers for Priests
I. Chambers
K. People's Kitchen
L. Gates into Outer Court
M. Pavement
N. Chambers in Outer Court (30)
O. Outer Court
A line indicates the Temple Stream.]]

=={{Anchor|Verses 1–14}}The priests' rooms (42:1–14)==
This part record the details of the rooms of chambers facing the free space reserved for the priests (denoted by letter H in the temple plan on the right) and the building on the west side of the temple (mentioned in {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|41:12–15|9}}); the text is difficult to interpret.{{sfn|Carley|1974|p=283}} The exposition starts from the north rooms, apparently in 3 parallel blocks, each set in incremental height on the slope between the outer court and temple yard, with the rooms nearest to the temple twice in size of those closer to the outer court (verse 8), with the priests' kitchen at the western end ({{bibleverse|Ezekiel|46:19|9}}f; denoted by letter G in the temple plan).{{sfn|Carley|1974|p=283}}

===Verse 1===
: '' Then he brought me out into the outer court, by the way toward the north; and he brought me into the chamber which was opposite the separating courtyard, and which was opposite the building toward the north.''<ref>{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|42:1|NKJV}} [[New King James Version|NKJV]]</ref>
* The vision was given on the 25th anniversary of Ezekiel's exile, "April 28, 573 BCE";{{sfn|Coogan|2007|p=1240 Hebrew Bible}} 14 years after the fall of Jerusalem and 12 years after the last messages of hope in [[Ezekiel 39|chapter 39]].{{sfn|The Nelson Study Bible|1997|p=1399}} Plans for "the chambers all around" had also been included in the designs for the [[Solomon's Temple|first temple]] which [[King David]] had provided for his son [[Solomon]].<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|28:12|9}}</ref>

===Verse 2===
: ''Facing the length, which was one hundred cubits (the width was fifty cubits), was the north door.''<ref>{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|42:2|NKJV}} NKJV</ref>
* "Cubit" here is a "long cubit" or "royal cubit", about {{convert|21|in|cm}}, as defined in [[Ezekiel 40#Verse 5|Ezekiel 40:5]].{{sfn|The Nelson Study Bible|1997|p=1399}}

===Verse 13===
: ''Then he said to me, "The north chambers and the south chambers, which are opposite the separating courtyard, are the holy chambers where the priests who approach the Lord shall eat the most holy offerings. There they shall lay the most holy offerings—the grain offering, the sin offering, and the trespass offering—for the place is holy."''<ref>{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|42:13|NKJV}} NKJV</ref>
Cross reference: {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|40:38-39|9}}; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|44:28-31|9}}; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|45:10–17|9}}; {{bibleverse|Leviticus|2:1-10|9}}; {{bibleverse|Leviticus|7:7-10|9}}
* The vestibules of the inner gates are sanctified for the preparation of the offerings: "[[Burnt offering (Judaism)|burnt]], [[Sin offering|sin]] and [[Guilt offering|guilt]] offerings" ({{bibleverse|Leviticus|1:1-7:38|9}}).{{sfn|Coogan|2007|p=1240 Hebrew Bible}}
The rooms have three main purposes: where the priests eat, where the priests store offerings in excess of the immediate requirements, and where the priests robe themselves for service of the altar.{{sfn|Carley|1974|p=283}}

=={{Anchor|Verses 15–20}}The overall dimensions (42:15–20)==
This section resumes the original vision from {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|40:4|9}} as Ezekiel follows the angel measuring the outer wall of the temple area, which is the boundary of the sacred area according to verse 20.{{sfn|Carley|1974|p=284}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Bible}}
*[[New Jerusalem Dead Sea Scroll]]
*[[Solomon's Temple]]
*[[Third Temple]]
*Related [[Bible]] parts: [[Leviticus 1]], [[Leviticus 2]], [[Leviticus 3]], [[Leviticus 4]], [[Leviticus 5]], [[Leviticus 6]], [[Leviticus 7]], [[1 Kings 6]], [[2 Chronicles 3]], [[Isaiah 2]], [[Ezekiel 40]], [[Ezekiel 44]], [[Revelation 21]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*  {{cite book
| last      = Bromiley
| first     = Geoffrey W.
| title     = International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: vol. iv, Q-Z
| year      = 1995
| publisher = Eerdmans
| isbn = 9780802837844
| url       = https://books.google.com/books?id=6OJvO2jMCr8C&pg=PA574L,
}}
* {{cite book
| last1     = Brown
| first1    = Francis
| last2     = Briggs
| first2    = Charles A.
| last3     = Driver
| first3    = S. R. 
| title     = The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
| year      = 1994
| edition   = reprint
| publisher = Hendrickson Publishers
| isbn      = 978-1565632066
}}
*{{Cite book | last= Carley |first= Keith W. | title= The Book of the Prophet Ezekiel | series= Cambridge Bible Commentaries on the New English Bible | edition= illustrated | publisher= Cambridge University Press | year= 1974 | isbn= 9780521097550 }}
*{{Cite book
|last       = Clements
|first      = Ronald E
|title      = Ezekiel
|publisher  = Westminster John Knox Press
|year       = 1996
|url        = https://books.google.com/books?id=cB5WoWI3FRAC&pg=PA216
|isbn       = 9780664252724
}}
*{{cite book|last= Coogan|first = Michael David| author-link= Michael D. Coogan |title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 |editor-last1=Coogan |editor-first1=Michael David |editor-first2=Marc Zvi |editor-last2= Brettler |editor-first3=Carol Ann |editor-last3= Newsom |editor-first4= Pheme |editor-last4= Perkins |edition= Augmented 3rd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year =2007 |isbn = 9780195288810 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ}}
*  {{cite book
| last      = Gesenius
| first     = H. W. F. 
| title     = Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index.
| translator-last = Tregelles
| translator-first = Samuel Prideaux
| year      = 1979
| edition   = 7th
| publisher = Baker Book House
}}
*{{Cite book
|last       =Joyce
|first      =Paul M.
|title      =Ezekiel: A Commentary
|publisher  =Continuum
|year       =2009
|url        =https://books.google.com/books?id=LRepfsso2p0C
|isbn       =9780567483614
}}
* {{cite book
| title     = The Nelson Study Bible
| year      = 1997
| publisher = Thomas Nelson, Inc. 
| isbn      = 9780840715999
| ref= {{harvid|The Nelson Study Bible|1997}}
}}
*{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

==External links==

===Jewish===
*[http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1242.htm Ezekiel 42 Hebrew with Parallel English]
*[http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16140 Ezekiel 42 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary]

===Christian===
*[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=31&c=42 Ezekiel 42 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425115955/http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=31&c=42 |date=2017-04-25 }}

{{Book of Ezekiel}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezekiel 42}}
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[[Category:Book of Ezekiel chapters|42]]