View source for Electronics and Radar Development Establishment

{{Short description|Indian defence research laboratory}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox Laboratory
|name           = Electronics & Radar Development Establishment
|motto          = 
|logo           =
|image          = 
|established    = 1962
|city           = [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]]
|research_field = Radar Systems
|type           = 
|director       = Shri. P Radhakrishna
|staff          = 
|budget         = 
|operating_agency = [[DRDO]]
|affiliations   = 
|address        = DRDO Complex, <br />C.V. Raman Nagar, <br />Bengaluru-560 093
|campus         = 
|website        = {{URL|https://www.drdo.gov.in/labs-and-establishments/electronics-radar-development-establishment-lrde|LRDE}}
|footnotes      =
|country=[[India]]}}

'''Electronics and Radar Development Establishment''' (LRDE) is a laboratory of the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation|Defence Research & Development Organisation]] (DRDO), [[India]]. Located in [[CV Raman Nagar|C.V. Raman Nagar]], [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]], its primary function is research and development of [[radar]]s and related technologies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.drdo.org/labs/lrde/index.html |title=Electronics and Radar Development Establishment |access-date=2008-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131205942/http://www.drdo.org/labs/lrde/index.html |archive-date=2008-01-31 |url-status=usurped }}</ref> It was founded by [[S. P. Chakravarti]], the father of electronics and telecommunication engineering in India, who also founded the [[Defence Electronics Research Laboratory]] and [[Defence Research and Development Laboratory]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://in.booksc.eu/book/53133498/850b31 | title=Prof. S.P. Chakravarti (1904–1981) &#124; Mitra, S.N. &#124; download }}</ref>

LRDE is sometimes mis-abbreviated as "ERDE". To distinguish between "Electrical" and "Electronic", the latter is abbreviated with the first letter of its Latin root (''lektra''). The same approach is used with for the [[DLRL]]. The LRDE is India's premier radar design and development establishment and is deeply involved in Indian radar efforts. Its primary production partners include [[Bharat Electronics|Bharat Electronics Limited]] (BEL) and various private firms like [[CoreEL Technologies, Bangalore]], [[Mistral Solutions]] in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], Astra microwave in [[Hyderabad]] and Data Patterns in [[Chennai]].

==LRDE Radars==
The DRDO's initial projects included short range 2D systems (Indra-1), but it now manufactures high power 3D systems, [[Airborne Surveillance Platform|airborne surveillance]] and [[Fire-control radar|fire control radars]] as well. The publicly known projects include:

*[[Indian Doppler Radar|'''INDRA''']] series of 2D radars meant for the [[Indian Army|Army]] and the [[Indian Air Force|Air Force]] use. This was the first high power radar developed by the DRDO, with the Indra-I radar for the Indian Army, followed by Indra Pulse Compression (PC) version for the Indian Air Force, also known as the Indra-II, which is a low level radar to search and track low flying cruise missiles, helicopters and aircraft. These are basically 2D radars which provide range, and azimuth information, and are meant to be used as gapfillers. The Indra 2 PC has pulse compression providing improved range resolution. The series are used both by the [[Indian Air Force]] and the [[Indian Army]]<ref>[http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Images/0145.jpg Indra-I radar, image copyright Bharat Rakshak] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226074051/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Images/0145.jpg |date=26 February 2009 }}</ref>
*[[Rajendra Radar|'''Rajendra fire control radar''']] for the [[Akash missile|Akash SAM]]: The Rajendra is a high power, [[Passive electronically scanned array]] radar (PESA), with the ability able to guide up to 12 Akash SAMs against aircraft flying at low to medium altitudes. The Rajendra has a detection range of 80&nbsp;km with 18&nbsp;km height coverage against small fighter sized targets and is able to track 64 targets, engaging 4 simultaneously, with up to 3 missiles per target. The Rajendra features a digital high speed signal processing system with adaptive moving target indicator, coherent signal processing, FFTs, and variable pulse repetition frequency. The entire PESA antenna array can swivel 360 degrees on a rotating platform. This allows the radar antenna to be rapidly repositioned, and even conduct all round surveillance.<ref>[http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MISSILES/Images/Rajendra.jpg Rajendra Radar, image copyright Bharat Rakshak and DRDO] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226074048/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MISSILES/Images/Rajendra.jpg |date=26 February 2009 }}</ref>
*[[Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR)|'''Central Acquisition Radar''']], a state of the art planar array, S Band radar operating on the stacked beam principle. With a range of 180&nbsp;km against fighter sized targets, it can [[track while scan]] 200 of them. Its systems are integrated on high mobility, locally built TATRA trucks for the Army and the Air Force; however it is meant to be used by all three services. Initially developed for the long-running Akash SAM system, seven were ordered by the Indian Air Force for their radar modernisation program, and two of another variant were ordered by the [[Indian Navy]] for their [[INS Kamorta (P28)|P-28 Corvettes]]. The CAR has been a significant success for radar development in India, with its state of the art signal processing hardware.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/uploads/os_car_001.jpg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050812211411/http://www.acig.org/artman/uploads/os_car_001.jpg |url-status=usurped |archive-date=12 August 2005 |title=JPEG image of the 3D CAR, image copyright Acig.org |access-date=2010-08-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/PoliticsNation/IAF_going_through_stage_of_modernisation_Major/articleshow/3705906.cms |title=IAF modernisation |newspaper=The Economic Times |publisher=Economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=2008-11-12 |access-date=2010-08-31}}</ref>
*[[BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar|'''BFSR-SR''']]:  2D short range [[Battlefield surveillance radar|Battle Field Surveillance Radar]], meant to be man-portable. Designed and developed by the LRDE, the project was a systematic example of concurrent engineering, with the production agency involved through the design and development stage. This enabled the design to be brought into production quickly.<ref>{{cite web |author=Source |url=http://finance.indiainfo.com/news/2005/02/08/0802aerobel.html |title=BFSR orders and export push |publisher=Finance.indiainfo.com |date=2005-02-08 |access-date=2010-08-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110195132/http://finance.indiainfo.com/news/2005/02/08/0802aerobel.html |archive-date=2009-01-10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/holnus/001200708060340.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013161633/http://www.hinduonnet.com/holnus/001200708060340.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=2007-10-13 |title=BEL to export anti-infiltration radar to Indonesia |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |date=2007-08-06 |access-date=2010-08-31 }}</ref> [[File:BFSR-SR with thermal imager.JPG|thumb|[[BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar|BFSR-SR]]]]
*[[Swordfish Long Range Tracking Radar|'''Long Range Tracking Radar''']]: The LRTR a 3D [[Active electronically scanned array|AESA]] was developed with assistance from [[Elta Systems|Elta]] of [[Israel]], and is similar to Elta's GreenPine long range Active Array radar. The DRDO developed the signal processing and software for tracking high speed [[ballistic missile]] targets as well as introduced more ruggedisation. The radar uses mostly Indian designed and manufactured components such as its critical high power, L Band Transmit-Receive modules plus the other enabling technologies necessary for active phased array radars. The LRTR can track 200 targets and had a range of above {{convert|600|km|mi}} and can detect [[Intermediate-range ballistic missile|Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles]]. The LRTR would be amongst the key elements of the Indian ABM system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/04/15/stories/2005041509810400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050420021916/http://www.hindu.com/2005/04/15/stories/2005041509810400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2005-04-20 |title=Details of LRTR from 2004 |date=2005-04-15 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2010-08-31}}</ref>
* 2D Low Level Lightweight Radar (LLLR) "'''Bharani'''" for the Army. The LLLR is a 2D radar with a range of 40&nbsp;km against a 2<math>m^2</math> target, intended as a gapfiller to plug detection gaps versus low level aircraft in an integrated Air Defence Ground network. The LLLR makes use of Indra-2 technology, namely a similar antenna array, but has roughly half the range and is much smaller and a far more portable unit. The LLLR can [[track while scan]] 100 targets and provide details about their speed, azimuth and range to the operator. The LLLR makes use of the BFSR-SR experience and many of the subsystem providers are the same. Multiple LLLRs can be networked together. The LLLR is meant to detect low level intruders, and will alert Army Air Defence fire control units to cue their weapon systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://media.bharat-rakshak.com/aero/main.php?g2_itemId=1355 |title=LLLR Specifications |publisher=Media.bharat-rakshak.com |date=2007-01-18 |access-date=2010-08-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021103105/http://media.bharat-rakshak.com/aero/main.php?g2_itemId=1355 |archive-date=2007-10-21 }}</ref> 
*[[File:Swathi Weapon Locating Radar.jpg|thumb|Swathi WLR in [[Republic Day (India)|Republic Day]] parade.]][[Swathi Weapon Locating Radar|'''Swathi WLR''']]: A 3D radar developed from the Rajendra fire control radar for the Akash system, this radar uses a [[passive electronically scanned array]] to detect multiple targets for fire correction and weapon location. The system has been developed and demonstrated to the Army and orders have been placed<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Images/main.php?g2_itemId=2333 |title=WLR prototype, image copyright Bharat Rakshak |publisher=Bharat-rakshak.com |date=2007-01-18 |access-date=2010-08-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100810111352/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Images/main.php?g2_itemId=2333 |archive-date=2010-08-10 }}</ref>
*[[DRDO AEW&CS|'''Netra AEW&C''']]: The AEWACS aircraft has an [[active electronically scanned array]] (AESA) primary radar with IFF. The system will also have ESM (Electronic Support Measures) and CSM (Communications Support Measures) ability. Datalinks to network the AEW&CS with fighters, and ground-based control systems will also be provided, as will be the SATCOM (Satellite Communication System). The aircraft will also have a comprehensive self-defence suite. The avionics suite will be linked via a datahandling system, controlled by Mission computers.
*'''Air Defence Tactical Control Radar''' (ADTCR): 3D AESA radar. It is developed by Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE), a laboratory of the [[DRDO]] which is being developed for Indian Army. Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR) is used for volumetric surveillance, detection, tracking and friend/foe identification of aerial targets of different types, and transmission of prioritised target data to multiple command posts/ weapon systems. The radar is capable of detecting very small targets and low flying targets. It is capable of tracking 100 aerial targets at a time. It has a range of 500&nbsp;km (maximum).
*'''Divine Eye/Divyachakshu''': A through-barrier imaging radar capable of detecting movement through walls.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gowda |first=Rakshith |date=2024-10-24 |title=Bengaluru building collapse: ‘Divine Eye’ a boon for rescue teams |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2024/Oct/24/bengaluru-building-collapse-divine-eye-a-boon-for-rescue-teams |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

Apart from the above, the DRDO has also several other radar systems currently '''under development''' or in trials. The systems on which publicly available information is available include:

* '''[[Uttam AESA]]''' is an indigenously developed active electronically scanned array (AESA) fire control radar. It is being developed for the [[HAL Tejas Mk2|Tejas Mk2]] and [[HAL Tejas|Mk1]] and also other aircraft upgrades such as the IAF's [[Sukhoi Su-30MKI]], [[Mikoyan MiG-29|MiG-29]] and [[Mikoyan MiG-29K|MiG-29Ks]]. Hardware has already been realised for this radar which has a range of 100&nbsp;km against small fighter sized targets and rooftop testing is underway. Though the [[Uttam AESA]] currently weighs 120&nbsp;kg which is some 40&nbsp;kg more than the current MMR, there will be no problem in integrating it with the LCA Mk-II which can easily carry a radar of this weight.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/blogs/sauravjha/2976/65448/the-radiance-of-tejas-a-bright-prospect-for-make-in-india.html |title=Saurav Jha's Blog : The Radiance of Tejas: A bright prospect for 'Make in India' |website=ibnlive.in.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224190232/http://ibnlive.in.com/blogs/sauravjha/2976/65448/the-radiance-of-tejas-a-bright-prospect-for-make-in-india.html |archive-date=24 December 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It is a 3D radar for fighters, a MMR follow on, the APAR project aims to field a fully fledged operational AESA fire control radar for the expected Mark-2 version of the [[Light Combat Aircraft]]. This will be the second airborne AESA program after the [[Airborne early warning and control|AEW&C]] project and intends to transfer the success the DRDO has achieved in the Ground-based radar segment to airborne systems. The overall airborne APAR program aims to prevent this technology gap from developing, with a broad based program to bring DRDO up to par with international developers in airborne systems: both fire control and surveillance.

==Products==
*[[Rajendra Radar]]
*[[Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR)]] - 3D radar for [[Akash missile]]
*[[Indian Doppler Radar|Indra series]]
*[[BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar]] (Short Range)
*[[BEL Weapon Locating Radar]]
*Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR) - AESA radar
*[[Divyachakshu Through Barrier Imaging Radar]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://drdo.gov.in DRDO]
{{DRDO Laboratories}}

{{coord missing|Karnataka}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Electronics And Radar Development Establishment}}
[[Category:Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories]]
[[Category:Research institutes in Bengaluru]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Mysore State]]
[[Category:Research institutes established in 1962]]