View source for Amber (color)

{{Short description|Color midway between yellow and orange}}
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{{more footnotes|date=April 2017}}
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{{Infobox color
| title    = Amber
| hex      = FFC000
| cmyk     = (0, 25, 100, 0)
| source   = RGB and CMYK color systems.
| isccname = Vivid yellow
}}
{| align="right"
|+ Amber as a [[tertiary color]] on the RYB color wheel, and [[quaternary color]] on the RGB and CMYK color wheel.
|-
|{{legend|#FFFF00|yellow}}
|-
|{{legend|#FFC000|'''amber'''}}
|-
|{{legend|#FF8000|orange}}
|}
[[File:Amber2.jpg|alt=Ant preserved in amber|thumb|[[Ant]] preserved in [[amber]]]]
The color '''amber''' is a pure [[Chroma (color)|chroma]] color, located on the [[color wheel]] midway between the colors of [[yellow]] and [[Orange (colour)|orange]]. The color name is derived from the material also known as [[amber]], which is commonly found in a range of yellow-orange-brown-red colors; likewise, as a color, ''amber'' can refer to a range of yellow-orange colors. In [[English language|English]], the first recorded use of the term as a color name, rather than a reference to the specific substance, was in 1500.<ref>Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York:1930--McGraw Hill Page 189; Color Sample of Amber: Page 43 Plate 10 Color Sample J3</ref>

==SAE/ECE amber==
{{anchor|UNECE Amber}}
{{Infobox color
 | title  = SAE/ECE Amber
 | hex    = FF7E00
 | isccname = Vivid reddish orange
}}

Amber is one of several technically defined colors used in [[traffic light|automotive signal lamps]]. In North America, [[SAE International|SAE]] standard J578 governs the [[colorimetry]] of vehicle lights,<ref name="j632">{{cite web | title=J578_200612: Color Specification | website=SAE International | date=2006-12-11 | url=https://www.sae.org:443/standards/content/j578_200612/ | access-date=2024-11-13}}</ref> while outside North America the internationalized European [[ECE regulations]] hold force.<ref>[http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r006r3e.pdf ECE R6]</ref> Both standards designate a range of orange-yellow hues in the [[CIE 1931 color space|CIE color space]] as "amber".
[[File:Amber traffic light.JPG|alt=An amber traffic light|thumb|An amber [[traffic light]]]]
In the past, the ECE amber definition was more restrictive than the SAE definition, but the current ECE definition is identical to the more permissive SAE standard. The SAE formally uses the term "yellow amber", though the color is most often referred to as "yellow". This is not the same as [[selective yellow]], a color used in some fog lamps and [[headlamp]]s.

===Formal definitions===
Previously, '''ECE amber''' was defined according to the 1968 Convention on Road Traffic,<ref>[https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/conventn/Conv_road_traffic_EN.pdf#page=66 ECE Convention on Road Traffic, 1968, p. 63]</ref> as follows:

{| cellspacing="5"
|-
| Limit towards green
| <math>y \le 0.429</math>
|-
| Limit towards red
| <math> y \ge 0.398</math>
|-
| Limit towards white
| <math> z \le 0.007</math>
|}

Recent revisions to the ECE regulations have aligned '''ECE Amber''' with '''SAE Yellow''', defined as follows:

{| cellspacing="5"
|-
| Limit towards green
| <math>y \le x - 0.120</math>
|-
| Limit towards red
| <math>y \ge 0.390</math>
|-
| Limit towards white
| <math>y \ge 0.790 - 0.670 x</math>
|}

The entirety{{clarification needed|date=June 2013}} of these definitions lie outside the [[gamut]] of the [[sRGB]] color space — such a pure color cannot be represented using RGB primaries. The color box shown above is a desaturated approximation, produced by taking the [[centroid]] of the standard definition and moving it towards the D65 [[white point]], until it meets the sRGB gamut triangle.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
{{-}}

== Lighting ==
The [[color temperature]] of [[LED lamp]]s is called amber when their wavelengths are about 590&nbsp;nm. Chronomatic low-pressure [[sodium-vapor lamp]]s emit light ranging from 580 to 590&nbsp;nm.

==Cultural use==

[[File:amber.pendants.800pix.050203.jpg|thumb|170px|These pendants made of [[amber]] are also amber-colored]]
'''[[Computer]]s'''
* The [[Digital Equipment Corporation]] (DEC) [[VT220]] computer terminals were available with amber phosphors in their [[Cathode-ray tube|CRT]]s.
'''[[Interior design]]'''
* The original [[Amber Room]] in the [[Catherine Palace]] of [[Tsarskoye Selo]] near [[Saint Petersburg]] was a complete chamber decoration of [[amber]] panels backed with [[gold leaf]] and [[mirror]]s. Due to its singular beauty, it was sometimes dubbed the "[[Eighth Wonder of the World]]".
'''[[Sports]]'''
* In [[Gaelic games]], [[Armagh GAA|Armagh]] play in a darker amber color (the amber that is prevalent in the [[Irish flag]]), [[Offaly GAA|Offaly]] play in the original colors of the Irish flag (green, white and amber) and [[Kilkenny GAA|Kilkenny]] also play in black and amber, albeit a more yellow amber.
* Amber is a color worn by English football clubs [[Hull City A.F.C.|Hull City AFC]], [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City AFC]], [[Barnet F.C.|Barnet FC]], [[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town FC]] (As part of stripes), [[Mansfield Town F.C.|Mansfield Town]], [[Cambridge United F.C.|Cambridge United FC]] and [[Sutton United F.C.|Sutton United]]. [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] has incorporated amber in away and thirds kits, and as an accent color, since at least 1967.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=10 May 2011 |title=Answers to fans' questions on amber Everton shirts
 |url=https://www.cheshire-live.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/answers-fans-questions-amber-everton-5192974 |work=Cheshire Live |location=Cheshire |access-date=4 June 2024}}</ref> The color is also worn by the Scottish football club [[Motherwell F.C.|Motherwell FC]], as well as many other sports clubs around the world.
'''[[Road traffic engineering|Traffic engineering]]'''
[[Image:Turnsignals On.jpg|thumb|right|170px|A turn signal emitting amber light]]
* Amber is used in [[traffic light]]s and [[Automotive lighting|turn signals]].
'''[[Theatre]]'''
* Amber, sometimes named "[[Bastard color|Bastard Amber]]", along with 'Moonlight Blue', is one of the two most common colors used in [[stage lighting]].

==See also==
*[[List of colors]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
{{Commons category|Amber (color)}}
*[http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r006r4e.pdf UNECE Regulation No. 6: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Direction Indicators for Motor Vehicles and their Trailers (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.5/Rev.4)][http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r006r4a1e.pdf][http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r006r4a2e.pdf]
*[http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r48r3e.pdf UNECE Regulation No. 48: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to the Installation of Lighting and Light-Signalling Devices (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.47/Rev.3/Amend.2)]
{{Color topics}}
{{Shades of orange}}
{{Shades of yellow}}
[[Category:Tertiary colors]]
[[Category:Quaternary colors]]
[[ja:琥珀色]]