View source for 2 Chronicles 32

{{Short description|Second Book of Chronicles, chapter 32}}
{{Bible chapter|letname= 2 Chronicles 32 |previouslink= 2 Chronicles 31 |previousletter= chapter 31 |nextlink= 2 Chronicles 33 |nextletter= chapter 33 |book=[[Books of Chronicles]] |biblepart=[[Old Testament]] | booknum= 14 |category= [[Ketuvim]] | filename=Leningrad-codex-14-chronicles.pdf |size=250px |caption=<div style="width: 250px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">The complete Hebrew text of the [[Books of Chronicles]] (1st and 2nd Chronicles) in the [[Leningrad Codex]] (1008 CE).</div>}}
'''2 Chronicles 32''' is the thirty-second [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|chapter]] of the Second Book of Chronicles in the [[Old Testament]] in the [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Bible]] or of the second part of the [[Books of Chronicles]] in the [[Hebrew Bible]].{{sfn|Ackroyd|1993|p=113}}{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=268}} The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had its final shape in late fifth or fourth century BCE.{{sfn|Ackroyd|1993|pp=113–114}} This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingdom of Judah until its destruction by the Babylonians under [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] and the beginning of restoration under [[Cyrus the Great]] of Persia  (2 Chronicles 10 to 36).{{sfn|Ackroyd|1993|p=113}} The focus of this chapter is the reign of [[Hezekiah]], king of Judah.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=301}}

==Text==
This chapter was originally written in the [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew language]] and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible|is divided into]] 33 verses.

===Textual witnesses===
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew]] are of the [[Masoretic Text]] tradition, which includes the [[Leningrad Codex|Codex Leningradensis]] (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=36-37}}{{efn|Since 1947 the current text of [[Aleppo Codex]] is missing 2 Chronicles 26:19–35:7.<ref>{{citation | author=P. W. Skehan | contribution=BIBLE (TEXTS) | title=[[New Catholic Encyclopedia]] | edition=2nd | volume=2 | publisher=Gale | year=2003 | pages=355–362}}</ref>}}

There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), and [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}{{efn|The whole book of 2 Chronicles is missing from the extant [[Codex Sinaiticus]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Würthwein |first=Ernst |title=Der Text des Alten Testaments |publisher=[[Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft]] |edition=2nd |place=Stuttgart |year=1988 |url= |page=85 |isbn= 3-438-06006-X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Swete |first=Henry Barclay |authorlink= Henry Barclay Swete |title= An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek |publisher= Macmillan and Co. |location=Cambridge |year=1902 |url= https://archive.org/stream/anintrotooldtes00swetuoft#page/128/mode/2up |pages= 129–130}}</ref><ref>{{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle= Codex Sinaiticus}}</ref>}}

===Old Testament references===
*{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:1–8|9}}: {{bibleverse|2 Kings|18:13–16|9}}; {{bibleverse|Psalm|46:1–11|9}}<ref name=bsb>[https://biblehub.com/bsb/2_chronicles/32.htm 2 Chronicles 32 Berean Study Bible]. Biblehub</ref>
*{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:9–19|9}}: {{bibleverse|1 Kings|18:17–37|9}}; {{bibleverse|Isaiah|36:1–22|9}}<ref name=bsb/>
*{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:20–23|9}}: {{bibleverse|1 Kings|19:35–37|9}}; {{bibleverse|Isaiah|37:36–38|9}}<ref name=bsb/>
*{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:24–31|9}}:  {{bibleverse|2 Kings|20:1–11|9}}; {{bibleverse|Isaiah|38:1–8|9}}<ref name=bsb/>

=={{Anchor|Verses 1–19}} Sennacherib invades Judah (32:1–19)==
Owing to his diligence in performing the reform, Hezekiah was rewarded in the form of deliverance from Sennacherib, 'after these things and these acts of faithfulness' (no mention of 'the fourteenth year of his reign' as in [[2 Kings 18]]).{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=303}} Hezekiah made efforts on military defence measures (cf. 2 Kings 20:20; Isaiah 22:8–11), concentrating on securing the water supply, carrying out the necessary building works, acquiring required weaponry, and organizing his army.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=304}} He repaired the infrastructure of Jerusalem, including the construction of Siloam water tunnel (cf. 2 Chronicles 32:30), and initiated a program of 'urban mobilization'.{{sfn|Coogan|2007|p=660 Hebrew Bible}}

===Verse 3===
:''He took counsel with his princes and his mighty men to stop the waters of the fountains which were without the city: and they did help him.''<ref>{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:3|KJV}} [[King James Version|KJV]]</ref>
*"The fountains which were without the city":  were identified as 'En Rogel, on the Ophel spur or very large mound, or fortified hill' ("tower"; cf. 2 Kings 5:24; Isaiah 32:14), on the southeast of the temple.<ref name=pulpit>Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/pulpit/2_chronicles/32.htm  On "2 Chronicles 32".] In: ''The [[Pulpit Commentary]]''. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.</ref>

===Verse 5===
[[File:Biblical Jerusalem Wall Remnants.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Remnants of the broad wall built during Hezekiah's days against Sennacherib's siege. Excavated at the old city of Jerusalem, Israel.]]
:''Also he strengthened himself, and built up all the wall that was broken, and raised it up to the towers, and another wall without, and repaired Millo in the city of David, and made darts and shields in abundance.''<ref>{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:5|KJV}} KJV</ref>
*"Built up all the wall that was broken": mentioned in {{bibleverse|Isaiah|22:9-10|9}} that speaks of "many breaches" and about "houses were pulled down to fortify the wall."<ref name=ellicott>[[Charles Ellicott|Ellicott, C. J.]] (Ed.) (1905). [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/ellicott/2_chronicles/32.htm ''Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers''. 2 Chronicles 32.] London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905-1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed 28 April 2019.</ref>
*"Millo" or "the landfills"<ref>Note [a] on 2 Chronicles 32:5 in [[New King James Version|NKJV]]</ref>
*"Darts" or "javelins"<ref>Note [b] on 2 Chronicles 32:5 in NKJV</ref>

=={{Anchor|Verses 20–23}} Death of Sennacherib (32:20–23)==
{{See also|Assyrian siege of Jerusalem}}
The Chronicler records a shorter report than the books of Kings and the book of Isaiah, generally focusing on the emphasis that Hezekiah's and Jerusalem's (aid and) salvation is due to YHWH (verse 21: 'And the LORD sent an angel'; cf. 2 Kings 19:35–37 and Isaiah 37:36, which only mention the angel as the active party).{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=304}} The prophecy of Isaiah, the number of the Assyrians killed and the names of Sennacherib's sons were not recorded in the Chronicles.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=304}} The text simply states that the whole Assyrian army was annihilated, so Sennacherib had to return with 'shame of face' (cf. Ezra 9:7; Psalm 44:16) to his land, where his sons slew him in the temple.<ref name=kad>Keil, Carl Friedrich; Delitzsch, Franz. [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/kad/2_chronicles/32.htm ''Commentary on the Old Testament'' (1857-1878). 2 Chronicles 32]. Accessed 24 Juni 2018.</ref>

===Verse 21===
[[File:Peter Paul Rubens 082.jpg|right|thumb|200px|''[[The Defeat of Sennacherib]]'', oil on panel by [[Peter Paul Rubens]], seventeenth century]]
:''And the Lord sent an angel, which cut off all the mighty men of valour, and the leaders and captains in the camp of the king of Assyria. So he returned with shame of face to his own land. And when he was come into the house of his god, they that came forth of his own bowels slew him there with the sword.''<ref>{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:21|KJV}} KJV</ref>
[[Herodotus]] wrote that the Assyrian army was overrun by mice when attacking Egypt.<ref>[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2707/2707-h/2707-h.htm The History Of Herodotus], Book 2, Verse 141</ref> Some Biblical scholars take this to an allusion that the Assyrian army suffered the effects of a mouse- or rat-borne disease such as [[bubonic plague]].<ref name="Bright">"A History of Israel", [[John Bright (biblical scholar)|John Bright]], SCM 1980, p.200</ref><ref>"Sennachrib", New Bible Dictionary, [[InterVarsity Press]], 2nd Edition, Ed. J.D.Douglas, N.Hillyer, 1982</ref> Even without relying on that explanation, [[John Bright (biblical scholar)|John Bright]] suggested it was an epidemic of some kind that saved Jerusalem.<ref name="Bright" /> In ''[[What If? (essays)|What If?]]'', a collection of essays on [[counterfactual history]], historian [[William H. McNeill (historian)|Willian H. McNeill]] speculates that the accounts of mass death among the Assyrian army in the Tanakh might be explained by an outbreak of [[cholera]] (or other water-borne diseases) due to the springs beyond the city walls having been blocked, thus depriving the besieging force of a safe water supply.<ref>{{cite book |last= McNeill  | first=William H. | chapter= Infectious Alternatives | editor1-last=Ambrose |editor1-first = Stephen E. | editor2-last = Keegan |editor2-first =John  | editor3-last = McCullough  |editor3-first =David| editor4-last = McPherson  |editor4-first = James M.|title= What If? The World's Foremost Military Historians Imagine what Might Have Been : Essays. |place= United States |publisher= G.P. Putnam's Sons |year=1999 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=l6JmAAAAMAAJ |isbn= 0-399-14576-1}}</ref>

=={{Anchor|Verses 24–31}} Hezekiah’s shortcomings (32:24–31)==
Despite experiencing  vast wealth and strong economy for being  God-fearing, Hezekiah was not without faults (2 Chronicles 32:24–26; cf. 2 Kings 20:1–19; [[Isaiah 38]]–[[Isaiah 39|39]]; "there is no one who does not sin" in 2 Chronicles 6:36), but like David, (1 Chronicles 21:8, 17) and Rehoboam (2 Chronicles 12:7), Hezekiah prayed and humbled himself before God (cf. 2 Chronicles 7:14), so that the wrath of God did not come during his reign.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=304}}{{sfn|Coogan|2007|p=662 Hebrew Bible}}

===Verse 30===
[[File:Siloam Tunnel sketch 1884.png|thumb|right|200px|1884 sketch of the tunnel, by [[Charles Warren]] and [[Claude Reignier Conder]], showing the Siloam tunnel as well as [[Warren's Shaft]], the [[Pool of Siloam]] and the [[Fountain of the Virgin]].]]
[[File:Siloam22.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Siloam Tunnel in 2010]]
[[File:Shiloach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Siloam inscription]]]]
{{See also|Siloam tunnel}}
:''This same Hezekiah also stopped the upper watercourse of Gihon, and brought it straight down to the west side of the city of David. And Hezekiah prospered in all his works.''<ref>{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:30|KJV}} KJV</ref>
*Cross references: {{bibleverse|2 Kings|20:20|9}}
* "The upper watercourse of Gihon": one of the two streams from a rivulet near Jerusalem, the  upper one was brought into the "upper pool" (Isaiah 7:3) and the lower one to the "lower pool" (Isaiah 22:9). Hezekiah diverted the upper stream through a tunnel into Jerusalem, straight down to the city of David.<ref name=benson>Benson, Joseph. [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/benson/2_chronicles/32.htm ''Commentary on the Old and New Testaments'': 2 Chronicles 32], accessed 9 July 2019</ref>
The tunnel (now called the "[[Siloam tunnel]]") leads from the [[Gihon Spring]] to the [[Pool of Siloam]].<ref>[http://holylandphotos.org/browse.asp?s=1,2,6,19,97&img=IJOTHT07 Image of exit]</ref><ref>[http://holylandphotos.org/browse.asp?s=1,2,6,19,359,363&img=ICJOTHT12 Holy Land Photos<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://holylandphotos.org/browse.asp?s=1,2,6,19,359,361&img=IJOTGS04 Image]</ref> The curving tunnel is 583 yards (533 m; about {{frac|3}} mile) long and by using the 12 inch (30 cm) [[altitude]] difference between its two ends, which corresponds to a 0.06&nbsp;percent gradient, the engineers managed to convey the water from the spring to the pool. According to the [[Siloam inscription]], the tunnel was excavated by two teams, one starting at each end of the tunnel and then meeting in the middle. The inscription is partly unreadable at present, and may originally have conveyed more information than this. It is clear from the tunnel itself that several directional errors were made during its construction.<ref>Images of some mistakes - [http://holylandphotos.org/browse.asp?s=1,2,6,19,359,363&img=ICJOTHT17] [http://holylandphotos.org/browse.asp?s=1,2,6,19,359,363&img=ICJOTHT16]</ref> Support for the dating to Hezekiah's period is derived from the radiocarbon dates of organic matter contained in the original plastering.<ref name="Frumkin Shimron">{{cite journal |last1= Frumkin |first1= Amos |last2= Shimron |first2=Aryeh |title= Tunnel engineering in the Iron Age: Geoarchaeology of the Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem |journal= Journal of Archaeological Science |volume=33 |issue=2 |year=2006 |pages= 227–237 |doi= 10.1016/j.jas.2005.07.018 |bibcode= 2006JArSc..33..227F }}</ref>

=={{Anchor|Verses 32–33}} Death of Hezekiah (32:32–33)==
This section contains the concluding verdict on Hezekiah's reign, especially his 'good deeds', that are recorded in the book of Isaiah and the books of Kings. Hezekiah's burial was one of the most impressive among those given to kings in the Chronicles.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=304}}

===Verse 33===
:''And Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the chiefest of the sepulchres of the sons of David: and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem did him honour at his death. And Manasseh his son reigned in his stead.''<ref>{{bibleverse|2 Chronicles|32:33|KJV}} KJV</ref>
*"Slept with his fathers": or "died and joined his ancestors".<ref>Note on 2 Chronicles 32:33 in NKJV</ref>

==Extrabiblical documentation==
===Hezekiah===
[[File:Stamped-bulla seal-side.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Stamped bulla sealed by a servant of King Hezekiah, [[Redondo Beach, California|Redondo Beach]].]]
Extra-biblical sources specify Hezekiah by name, along with his reign and influence. "Historiographically, his reign is noteworthy for the convergence of a variety of biblical sources and diverse extrabiblical evidence often bearing on the same events. Significant data concerning Hezekiah appear in the [[Deuteronomist]]ic History, the Chronicler, Isaiah, Assyrian annals and reliefs, Israelite epigraphy, and, increasingly, stratigraphy".<ref name="Anchor Dictionary">"Hezekiah." ''The Anchor Bible Dictionary''. 1992. Print.</ref> Archaeologist [[Amihai Mazar]] calls the tensions between Assyria and Judah "one of the best-documented events of the Iron Age" and Hezekiah's story is one of the best to cross-reference with the rest of the Mid Eastern world's historical documents.<ref name="Finkelstein Mazar">Finkelstein, Israel and Amihai Mazar. ''The Quest for the Historical Israel: Debating Archaeology and the History of Early Israel''. Leiden: Brill, 2007</ref>

Several [[Bulla (seal)|bullae]]  bearing the name of Hezekiah have been found:
# a royal bulla with the inscription in ancient Hebrew script: "Belonging to '''Hezekiah''' [son of] Ahaz king of Judah" (between 727 and 698 BCE).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Culture/First-ever-seal-impression-of-an-Israelite-or-Judean-king-exposed-near-Temple-Mount-436061/|title=First Ever Seal Impression of an Israelite or Judean King Exposed near Temple Mount|last=Eisenbud|first=Daniel K. |date= 2015 |website=Jerusalem Post|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=ben Zion|first1=Ilan|title="לחזקיהו [בן] אחז מלך יהדה" "Belonging to Hezekiah [son of] Ahaz king of Judah"|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/seal-bearing-name-of-judean-king-found-in-jerusalem/|access-date=2 December 2015|newspaper=[[Times of Israel]]|date=2 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Culture/First-ever-seal-impression-of-an-Israelite-or-Judean-king-exposed-near-Temple-Mount-436061|title=First ever seal impression of an Israelite or Judean king exposed near Temple Mount|date=2 December 2015 |publisher=}}</ref><ref>Alyssa Navarro, [http://www.techtimes.com/articles/113212/20151206/archeologists-find-biblical-era-seal-of-king-hezekiah-in-jerusalem.htm ''Archaeologists Find Biblical-Era Seal Of King Hezekiah In Jerusalem''] "Tech Times" December 6</ref>
#  seals with the inscription: "Belonging to [the] servant of Hezekiah"

Other artifacts bearing the name "Hezekiah" include [[LMLK seal|LMLK]] stored jars along the border with Assyria "demonstrate careful preparations to counter Sennacherib's likely route of invasion" and show "a notable degree of royal control of towns and cities which would facilitate Hezekiah's destruction of rural sacrificial sites and his centralization of worship in Jerusalem".<ref name="Anchor Dictionary" /> Evidence suggests they were used throughout his 29-year reign<ref>{{cite book| last= Grena |first= G.M.|title= LMLK--A Mystery Belonging to the King vol. 1 |edition= 1 |publisher= 4000 Years of Writing History  |year= 2004| page=338|isbn=978-0974878607 }}</ref> and the [[Siloam inscription]].<ref>''Archaeological Study Bible''. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005. Print.</ref>

===Sennacherib===
[[File:Sanherib-tr-4271.jpg|right|thumb|100px|Cast of a rock relief of Sennacherib from the foot of [[Mount Judi]], near [[Cizre]].]]
{{multiple image
 | footer_align = center
 | footer = [[Sennacherib's Annals]] of his military campaign (704–681 BCE), including his invasion into the [[Kingdom of Judah]]
 | image1 = Taylor Prism-1.jpg
 | width1 = 80
 | alt1 = British Museum
 | caption1 = Taylor Prism, London
 | image2 = Six-sided clay prism, side 3, written on behalf of Sennacherib, king of Assyria, and containing narratives of his military campaigns, 704-681 BC - Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago - DSC07602.JPG
 | width2 = 111
 | alt2 = Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago
 | caption2 = Oriental Institute Prism, Chicago
 | image3 = Sennacherib's Prism in the Israel Museum (2).JPG
 | width3 = 92
 | alt3 = Israel Museum
 | caption3 = Jerusalem Prism, Israel
}}
The accounts of [[Sennacherib]] of Assyria, including his invasion into the [[Kingdom of Judah]], especially the capture of [[Lachish]] and the siege of  [[Jerusalem]], are recorded in a number of ancient documents and artifacts:<ref name=cojs>{{cite web|url=http://www.cojs.org/jh.php?id=Assyrian&content=content/lachish|title=Jewish History|publisher=Cojs.org|date=|access-date=2012-10-03|archive-date=2013-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104095436/http://www.cojs.org/jh.php?id=Assyrian&content=content%2Flachish|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Lachish reliefs]] from his palace in [[Nineveh]]
* Prisms containing the annals of the Assyrians ([[Sennacherib's Annals]])
* Traces of Assyrian siege around the location of ancient [[Lachish]].and the uncovered walls near the [[Tel Lachish]] digs, which fit the descriptions shown in the Lachish reliefs.<ref>[http://lib.cet.ac.il/pages/item.asp?item=7645 How to capture a city] Professor Israel Efal, Library of the Center for Educational Technology (Hebrew)</ref>

==See also==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* [[Assyria]]
*[[Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem]]
* [[Babylon]]
* [[David]] 
* [[Gihon]]
* [[Isaiah]]
* [[Jerusalem]]
* [[Lachish]]
* [[Manasseh of Judah|Manasseh]]
* [[Millo]]
* [[Sennacherib]]}}
*Related Bible parts: [[Leviticus 25]], [[Numbers 35]], [[2 Kings 18]], [[2 Kings 19]],  [[2 Chronicles 29]],  [[2 Chronicles 30]], [[2 Chronicles 31]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{Cite book | last= Ackroyd | first= Peter R |chapter = Chronicles, Books of
|editor1-last = Metzger |editor1-first = Bruce M
|editor1-link = Bruce M. Metzger |editor2-last = Coogan |editor2-first = Michael D |title = The Oxford Companion to the Bible |publisher = Oxford University Press |year = 1993 |isbn = 978-0195046458 | pages= 113–116}}
*{{Cite book | last= Bennett | first= William|title = The Expositor's Bible: The Books of Chronicles|publisher = Litres|year = 2018 |isbn = 978-5040825196 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZo3DwAAQBAJ }}
*{{cite book|last= Coogan|first = Michael David| authorlink= Michael D. Coogan |title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 |editor-last1=Coogan |editor-first1=Michael David |editor-first2=Marc Zvi |editor-last2= Brettler |editor-first3=Carol Ann |editor-last3= Newsom |editor-first4= Pheme |editor-last4= Perkins |edition= Augmented 3rd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year =2007 |isbn = 9780195288810 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ}}
*{{cite book|last= Mabie | first= Frederick | chapter = I. The Chronicler's Genealogical Survey of All Israel | title= 1 and 2 Chronicles |series = The Expositor's Bible Commentary | editor-first1= Tremper | editor-last1=Longman III | editor-first2=David E | editor-last2= Garland | publisher = Zondervan | date = 2017 | pages = 267–308 | isbn = 978-0310531814 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E8ESDgAAQBAJ | access-date=December 6, 2019}}
*{{cite book|last= Mathys | first= H. P.<!--translator: Benjamin Liebelt --> | chapter = 14. 1 and 2 Chronicles | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John | editor-last1=Barton |editor1-link = John Barton (theologian) | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman |editor2-link = John Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 267–308 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}}
*{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = [[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|William B. Eerdmans]] |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

==External links==
* [[Judaism|Jewish]] translations:
** [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16581 Divrei Hayamim II - II Chronicles - Chapter 32 (Judaica Press)] in Hebrew and English translation [with [[Rashi]]'s commentary] at Chabad.org
* [[Christianity|Christian]] translations:
** [http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=2+Chronicles+32 ''Online Bible'' at GospelHall.org] (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
** [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=14&chapter=32&version=9 2 Chronicles Chapter 32. Bible Gateway]

{{Second Book of Chronicles}}

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[[Category:Second Book of Chronicles chapters|32]]
[[Category:Sennacherib]]
[[Category:Hezekiah]]