View source for (19308) 1996 TO66

{{Short description|Trans-Neptunian object in the Kuiper belt}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{mp|(19308) 1996 TO|66}}}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox planet
 | minorplanet         = yes
 | background          = #C2E0FF
 | image               = 19308-1996to66 hst.jpg
 | caption             = [[Hubble Space Telescope]] image of {{mp|1996 TO|66}} taken in 2005
 | name                = {{mp|(19308) 1996 TO|66}}
 | discoverer          = {{Ubl
  | [[Chadwick A. Trujillo|Chadwick Trujillo]]
  | [[David C. Jewitt|David Jewitt]]
  | [[Jane X. Luu|Jane Luu]]
  }}
 | discovered          = 12 October 1996
 | mpc_name            = {{mp|(19308) 1996 TO|66}}
 | alt_names           = 
 | mp_category         = {{Hlist
  | [[Haumeid]]
  | [[Trans-Neptunian object|TNO]]
  | intermittent [[Resonant trans-Neptunian object|11:19 resonance]]?<ref name="resonance" />
  }}
 | orbit_ref           = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | epoch               = 13 January 2016 ([[Julian day|JD]]&nbsp;2457400.5)
 | semimajor           = {{Convert|43.157|AU|Tm|abbr=on}}
 | perihelion          = {{Convert|37.939|AU|Tm|abbr=on}}
 | aphelion            = {{Convert|48.375|AU|Tm|abbr=on|lk=on}}
 | eccentricity        = 0.12090
 | period              = 283.52&nbsp;[[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (103,555&nbsp;[[Julian year (astronomy)|d]])
 | inclination         = 27.4948°
 | asc_node            = 355.2889°
 | arg_peri            = 239.07°
 | mean_anomaly        = 137.16[[Degree (angle)|°]]
 | avg_speed           = 
 | dimensions          = {{Ubl
  | [[Haumea family|200&nbsp;km]] (assuming a {{nowrap|[[Haumea (dwarf planet)|Haumea]]-like albedo of 0.7)<ref name="bruton" />}}
  | (<902km)<ref name="albedos" />
  }}
 | radius              =
 | mass                = 
 | density             = 
 | surface_grav        = 
 | escape_velocity     = 
 | sidereal_day        = 7.92&nbsp;h<ref name=jpldata />
 | spectral_type       = {{Ubl
  | [[Trans-Neptunian object#Colors|Neutral]]
  | B−V {{=}} 0.68, V−R {{=}} 0.39<ref name="Snodgrass2009" />
  | B−V {{=}} 0.74, V−R {{=}} 0.38<ref name="colors" />
  }}
 | abs_magnitude       = 4.5
 | albedo              = 0.7 (assumed)
 | single_temperature  = ~43 [[kelvin|K]]
 | mean_motion         = {{Deg2DMS|0.0034764|sup=ms}} / day
 | rotation            = {{Convert|7.92|h|d|abbr=on|lk=on}}
 | observation_arc     = 7322 days (20.05&nbsp;yr)
 | uncertainty         = 3
 | moid                = {{Convert|37.0117|AU|Tm|abbr=on}}
 | jupiter_moid        = {{Convert|33.0091|AU|Tm|abbr=on}}
}}

'''{{mp|(19308) 1996 TO|66}}''' ([[Minor planet provisional designation|provisional designation]] '''{{mp|1996 TO|66}}''') is a [[trans-Neptunian object]] that was discovered in 1996 by [[Chadwick A. Trujillo|Chadwick Trujillo]], [[David C. Jewitt|David Jewitt]] and [[Jane X. Luu|Jane Luu]]. Until [[20000 Varuna]] was discovered, it was the second-largest known object in the Kuiper belt, after Pluto.

== Origin ==
{{main|Haumea family}}
[[File:(19308) 1996 TO66 imaged by NTT cut out.jpg|thumb|left|{{mp|1996 TO|66}} (center top) imaged by the [[New Technology Telescope|NTT]] at [[La Silla Observatory|La Silla]] in 1998. Other objects are elongated due to the 4-hour-exposure. The horizontal streak is from a geostationary satellite.]]
Based on their common pattern of [[infrared|IR]] water-ice absorptions, neutral [[visible spectrum]]<ref name="water-ice" /> and the clustering of their orbital elements, the other [[Kuiper belt objects|KBOs]] {{mpl|(24835) 1995 SM|55}}, {{mpl|(55636) 2002 TX|300}}, {{mpl|(120178) 2003 OP|32}} and {{mpl|(145453) 2005 RR|43}} all appear to be [[collisional family|collisional fragments]] broken off of the [[dwarf planet]] {{dp|Haumea}}.

{{clear|left}}

== Orbit ==
<!-- :<math> \phi = \rm 19\cdot\lambda - \rm 11\cdot\lambda_{\rm N} - \rm 8\cdot\varpi - \rm 5\cdot\Omega</math> -->
The eccentricity of {{mp|1996 TO|66}} varies between ca. 0.110 and 0.125 every 2 million years, with additional variations on the order of ±&nbsp;0.01 on much shorter time scales. It is in an intermittent 19:11 resonance with Neptune. The resonance breaks every 2 million years when the eccentricity is highest and the orbit is closest to Neptune.<ref name="resonance" />

== References ==
{{reflist
|refs=

<ref name="resonance">{{cite journal
  |title=Candidate Members and Age Estimate of the Family of Kuiper Belt Object {{mp|2003 EL|61}}
  |author=D. Ragozzine
  |author2=M. E. Brown
  |journal=The Astronomical Journal
  |volume=134 |issue=6 |pages= 2160–2167
  |date=2007-09-04
  |bibcode=2007AJ....134.2160R
  |doi=10.1086/522334
  |arxiv=0709.0328|s2cid=8387493
 }}</ref>

<ref name=jpldata>{{cite web
  |type=2003-10-18 last obs
  |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 19308 (1996 TO66)
  |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1996TO66
  |accessdate=5 April 2016}}</ref>

<ref name="bruton">{{cite web
  |title=Conversion of Absolute Magnitude to Diameter for Minor Planets
  |publisher=Department of Physics & Astronomy (Stephen F. Austin State University)
  |author=Dan Bruton
  |url=http://www.physics.sfasu.edu/astro/asteroids/sizemagnitude.html
  |accessdate=2009-12-27
  |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100323180835/http://www.physics.sfasu.edu/astro/asteroids/sizemagnitude.html
  |archivedate= 23 March 2010<!--Added by DASHBot-->}}</ref>

<ref name="albedos">{{cite journal
  |arxiv=astro-ph/0502229
  |title=Diverse albedos of small trans-neptunian objects
  |last=Grundy |first=W. M.
  |date=2004
  |journal=Icarus
  |volume=176 |issue=1
 |pages=184–191
  |bibcode=2005Icar..176..184G
  |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2005.01.007|s2cid=118866288
 }}</ref>

<ref name="Snodgrass2009">{{cite journal
  |author=Snodgrass, Carry
  |author2=Dumas, Hainaut
  |title=Characterisation of candidate members of (136108) Haumea's family
  |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200913031
  |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
  |date=16 December 2009
  |volume=511
 |pages=A72
 |arxiv=0912.3171
  |bibcode = 2010A&A...511A..72S}}</ref>

<ref name="colors">{{cite web
  |url=http://www.physics.nau.edu/~tegler/research/survey.htm
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060901063349/http://www.physics.nau.edu/~tegler/research/survey.htm
  |url-status=dead
  |archive-date=2006-09-01
  |title=Kuiper Belt Object Magnitudes and Surface Colors
  |accessdate=2006-11-07
  |last=Tegler |first=Stephen C.
  |date=2007-02-01}}</ref>

<ref name="water-ice">{{cite journal
  |title=The water ice rich surface of (145453) 2005 RR43: a case for a carbon-depleted population of TNOs?
  |author=Pinilla-Alonso, N.
  |author2=Licandro, J.
  |author3=Gil-Hutton, R.
  |author4=Brunetto, R.
  |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
  |date=June 2007 |volume=468 |issue=1
  |bibcode=2007A&A...468L..25P
  |doi= 10.1051/0004-6361:20077294
  |page=L25|arxiv= astro-ph/0703098|s2cid=18546361
 }}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [http://www.eso.org/public/unitedkingdom/news/eso9851/ First Rotation Period of a Kuiper Belt Object Measured]{{Snd}} ESO, 5 November 1998
* {{JPL small body|id=19308}}

{{Haumea}}
{{Minor planets navigator| |number=19308|PageName={{mp|(19308) 1996 TO|66}}| }}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:019308}}
[[Category:Haumea family]]
[[Category:Kuiper belt objects]]
[[Category:Discoveries by David C. Jewitt|1996 TO66]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Jane Luu|1996 TO66]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Chad Trujillo|1996 TO66]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1996|19961012]]


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